If you’re seeking a kennel cough home treatment for dogs, understanding the condition and how to manage it is essential. Kennel cough, or infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory infection that affects dogs of all ages. It causes a distinctive dry, honking cough.
Some fur parents have veered into opting for kennel cough vaccines, but is it really effective?
Watch this video of Dr. Marc Smith explaining why such vaccine does not make it into his clinic’s core vaccines:
Compared to the common cold or bronchitis in humans, kennel cough can spread quickly in environments where dogs congregate, such as kennels, shelters, and dog parks.
Knowing the causes, symptoms, and effective home treatments can help you support your dog’s recovery and prevent the spread of this common canine ailment.
Causes of Kennel Cough
Bacteria
The primary bacterial cause of kennel cough is Bordetella bronchiseptica. This bacterium is highly contagious and can spread rapidly among dogs, especially in environments in close contact, such as kennels, dog parks, and grooming salons. Bordetella bronchiseptica attaches to the cilia lining the respiratory tract, leading to inflammation and the characteristic coughing symptoms. A dog infected with Bordetella can easily transmit the bacteria to other dogs through direct contact, sharing of water bowls, or even through airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing.
Viruses
In addition to bacterial causes, several viruses can contribute to kennel cough. The canine parainfluenza virus is one of the most common viral culprits. This virus causes upper respiratory tract inflammation, making dogs more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections like Bordetella bronchiseptica. Symptoms of parainfluenza infection can include coughing, nasal discharge, and mild fever. Another viral agent is canine adenovirus type 2, which primarily affects the respiratory system and can cause symptoms similar to kennel cough, such as a dry, hacking cough and nasal discharge. Although less common due to widespread vaccination, the canine distemper virus can also cause kennel cough. Canine distemper virus can lead to severe respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurological symptoms, making it particularly dangerous if not prevented by vaccination.
Mixed Infections
Often, kennel cough results from a combination of both bacterial and viral infections. For example, a dog might initially contract a viral infection like canine parainfluenza, which weakens the immune system and makes it easier for Bordetella bronchiseptica to take hold. This synergy between viruses and bacteria exacerbates the severity of the symptoms and prolongs the recovery period. Mixed infections can be particularly challenging to treat, as they may require a combination of antiviral and antibacterial therapies.
Symptoms of Kennel Cough
Dogs suffering from kennel cough exhibit several noticeable symptoms.
A persistent, dry, honking cough is the most common and distinctive sign.
In addition to this characteristic cough, dogs often display other symptoms such as:
- Gagging or retching: Dogs may gag or retch, sometimes bringing up a foamy, white discharge.
- Sneezing and runny nose: Some dogs may also have sneezing and nasal discharge.
- Lethargy: Affected dogs might seem more tired than usual.
- Loss of appetite: Some dogs may eat less due to discomfort or lethargy.
- Fever: In severe cases, a mild fever may be present.
How Kennel Cough is Transmitted
Kennel cough is a highly contagious condition that can spread through various means. Understanding how transmission occurs is important to prevent outbreaks.
The primary modes of transmission include:
- Direct Contact: Dogs can contract kennel cough through direct contact with an infected dog, like during play or in crowded environm
ents like kennels and dog parks. - Airborne Particles: The infection can spread through airborne droplets released when an infected dog coughs or sneezes, which can be inhaled by nearby dogs.
- Contaminated Surfaces: Shared surfaces, such as water bowls, food dishes, and kennel surfaces, can harbor infectious agents and transmit the infection to healthy dogs who come into contact with them.
Understanding these transmission methods can help you proactively protect your dog from kennel cough, especially in environments where dogs are close to each other.
Kennel Cough Risk Factors
Several factors can increase your dog’s risk of contracting kennel cough. It is crucial to be aware of the risks to protect your dog.
Below are some common risk factors:
Crowded Conditions: Environments where many dogs are housed together, such as kennels, shelters, and dog parks, significantly increase the risk of spreading kennel cough. Being in close proximity allows the infection to pass easily from one dog to another.- Stress: Stressful conditions can weaken a dog’s immune system, making them more susceptible to infections, including kennel cough. Stress can be caused by changes in environment, routine, or exposure to unfamiliar dogs and situations.
- Young, Elderly, or Immunocompromised Dogs: These dogs are at higher risk for severe symptoms due to their weaker immune systems. Puppies, older dogs, and those with pre-existing health conditions are more vulnerable to the complications of kennel cough.
By understanding these risk factors, pet owners can take proactive measures to minimize their dog’s exposure and boost their overall health and resilience.
Kennel Cough Home Treatment for Dogs
At-home treatments for kennel cough can help ease your dog’s symptoms and support their recovery. While mild cases often resolve on their own, it’s important to monitor your dog and consult a veterinarian if symptoms persist or worsen.
Below are some at-home treatments for kennel cough:
Rest and Isolation
Rest is crucial for dogs suffering from kennel cough, as it allows their immune system to focus on fighting off the infection. Ensure your dog has a quiet, comfortable space to relax without disturbances. Adequate rest not only helps in speeding up recovery but also minimizes the risk of complications.
Isolation is equally important to prevent the spread of kennel cough to other animals. To reduce the risk of transmission, keep your infected dog away from other pets and communal areas. This means avoiding dog parks, kennels, and any social gatherings with other dogs until your dog has fully recovered. By prioritizing rest and practicing strict isolation, you can support your dog’s recovery while protecting the health of other animals.
Hydration
Keeping your dog well-hydrated is essential when it is suffering from kennel cough. Water helps to thin mucus secretions, making it easier for your dog to clear its airways and breathe more comfortably. Encourage your dog to drink plenty of water daily to maintain proper hydration.
Offering low-sodium chicken or beef broth in addition to water can be an effective way to entice your dog to drink more fluids. The broth’s savory flavor can make it more appealing, ensuring your dog gets the necessary fluids to stay hydrated and support its recovery. Focusing on proper hydration can help your dog feel better and recover more quickly from kennel cough.
Humidification
Proper humidification can significantly alleviate your dog’s kennel cough symptoms. One effective method is steam therapy. Run a hot shower and allow your dog to sit in the steam-filled bathroom for 10-15 minutes. The warm, moist air can soothe your dog’s throat and help clear mucus from its airways, relieving coughing and discomfort.
Additionally, using a humidifier in the room where your dog sleeps can help maintain a moist environment, making it easier for them to breathe. The continuous presence of moist air helps to keep the respiratory passages hydrated, reducing irritation and promoting better respiratory health. By incorporating these humidification techniques, you can provide your dog comfort and support during their recovery from kennel cough.
Honey
Honey can be a soothing remedy for dogs suffering from kennel cough. Depending on your dog’s size, a small amount of honey, approximately 1/2 to 1 teaspoon, can help soothe their throat and reduce coughing. Honey’s natural properties coat the throat, providing relief from irritation and helping to calm the persistent cough associated with kennel cough.
However, it is crucial to be cautious when using honey, especially with young dogs. Due to the risk of botulism, honey should not be given to puppies under one-year-old. Always ensure that the honey is pure and free from additives. By incorporating honey into your dog’s care routine, you can offer them natural relief and comfort during their recovery from kennel cough.
Coconut Oil
Coconut oil is an excellent natural remedy for supporting your dog’s immune system, especially when dealing with kennel cough. Adding a small amount of coconut oil to your dog’s food—about 1/2 teaspoon for small dogs and 1 teaspoon for larger dogs—can reap numerous health benefits.
Coconut oil possesses antibacterial and antiviral properties that can help your dog’s body fight off infections more effectively. These properties make it a valuable addition to their diet, especially during illness. The medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) found in coconut oil enhance immune function, promoting overall health and resilience against infections. Including coconut oil in your dog’s daily regimen can give them the immune support they need to recover from kennel cough and maintain their health.
Herbal Remedies
Herbal remedies can be a natural and effective way to support your dog’s recovery from kennel cough. To prepare these remedies, purchase loose herbs and use 1 tablespoon of herb per 1 cup of water. You can prepare several cups of tea at once and store it in the refrigerator for convenience. When serving, mix the herbal tea into each meal. For dosing, add 1/4 cup for small dogs, 1/2 cup for medium dogs, 3/4 cup for large dogs, and 1 cup for dogs over 100 lbs.
Licorice Root Tea: Licorice root is known for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties. This makes it an excellent choice for easing your dog’s throat irritation and reducing coughing associated with kennel cough.
Thyme: Thyme offers both antibiotic and antiviral properties, making it another beneficial herb for treating kennel cough. It helps fight the infection while supporting overall immune health.
Incorporating these herbal teas into your dog’s diet can provide additional support in their recovery process, using the natural benefits of herbs to complement other treatments.
Essential Oils
Essential oils can be a supportive therapy for dogs with kennel cough, providing topical and aromatic benefits. When using essential oils, always ensure they are properly diluted and used safely to avoid any adverse reactions.
Our clinic’s go-to book on using essential oils for pets is “SpOIL Your Pet” by Mia Frezzo, DVM. Dr. Frezzo is a doTERRA veterinary panel member and has been using essential oils in her practice for many years.
Our preferred oil brand is doTERRA because it has strict quality control procedures and a veterinary panel. However, other suitable oil suppliers exist. Currently, we know other vets who use Young Living and AnimalEO. Just make sure you use top-quality essential oils. Ensure they are extracted without solvents and are pure with no additives. Using low-quality essential oils may do more harm than good.
Topical Application: For a topical treatment, dilute one (1) drop each of doTERRA Breathe, Frankincense, and Lavender essential oils in 2 teaspoons of carrier oil, such as coconut or olive oil. Apply the diluted oil mixture 2-4 times daily. To apply, place a few drops of the diluted oils in your palms, rub them together, and then gently “pet” it onto your dog’s head, neck, and chest, avoiding the eyes. This method can help to soothe your dog’s respiratory system and provide calming effects.
Aromatic Use: Diffusing essential oils in your dog’s environment can also provide significant benefits. Use a diffuser with doTERRA On Guard, Breathe, and Frankincense essential oils for several hours during the day and at night, especially in the area where your dog sleeps. Doing so helps purify the air, supports respiratory health, and creates a calming atmosphere for your dog.
Incorporating essential oils into your dog’s kennel cough treatment plan can enhance their overall comfort and support their recovery by utilizing the natural therapeutic properties of these oils.
Proper Nutrition
Proper nutrition is crucial for supporting your dog’s immune system and overall health, especially when dealing with kennel cough. Here are several ways to ensure your dog receives the best nutrition during recovery.
Nutritious Diet: A well-balanced, nutritious diet is fundamental to maintaining and boosting your dog’s immune system. Ensure your dog’s meals are rich in essential nutrients, including proteins, vitamins, and minerals, vital for their overall health and immune function.
Soft Foods: If your dog has a sore throat due to kennel cough, offering soft foods can make eating easier and more comfortable. You can soak their kibble in water or low-sodium broth to soften it. This not only helps with swallowing but also ensures they stay hydrated.
Home Cooking: Consider home-cooking your dog’s meals for a more tailored approach. Preparing an energetically appropriate diet, such as those recommended by Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM), can give your dog an extra health edge. Home-cooked meals allow you to control the ingredients and ensure they are fresh and wholesome. For more information on how to prepare these meals, visit Dr. Smith’s Food Therapy page.
Incorporating these nutritional strategies can significantly aid in your dog’s recovery from kennel cough, ensuring they receive the necessary support to strengthen their immune system and maintain overall health.
Avoid Irritants
Reducing exposure to potential irritants in their environment is essential to support your dog’s recovery from kennel cough and minimize respiratory discomfort. Here are some practical tips to help safeguard your dog’s respiratory health:
Smoke and Strong Odors: Ensure your dog is protected from cigarette smoke, strong cleaning products, and other harsh odors that irritate their sensitive respiratory system. These irritants can exacerbate coughing and respiratory distress, hindering your dog’s recovery.
Collar Pressure: Opt for a harness when walking or restraining your dog instead of a collar. Collars can exert pressure on the throat area, triggering coughing fits in dogs with kennel cough. Harnesses distribute pressure more evenly across the chest and shoulders, reducing the likelihood of throat irritation and coughing episodes.
Monitor and Consult
Monitoring your dog’s symptoms and consulting with your veterinarian are crucial steps in managing kennel cough effectively. Here’s how you can ensure your dog receives the best care during their recovery:
Monitor Symptoms: Monitor your dog’s symptoms closely, including the frequency and severity of coughing, lethargy, appetite changes, and nasal discharge. Note any changes in behavior or breathing patterns. If symptoms worsen or persist for over a week, seek veterinary attention promptly.
Veterinary Advice: Always inform your veterinarian about any new herbs or supplements you’re considering, especially if they’re not mentioned here. This is particularly important if your dog has pre-existing health conditions or is taking medication. Your veterinarian can guide you concerning the safety, dosage, and potential interactions of supplements to ensure they effectively complement your dog’s treatment plan.
While at-home treatments can help manage kennel cough, you should schedule an appointment if your dog shows severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, lethargy, or loss of appetite.
If the above home-care treatments aren’t enough, we may prescribe:
- Cough Suppressants: In some cases, veterinarians may prescribe cough suppressants to reduce discomfort.
- Antibiotics: If a bacterial infection is suspected, antibiotics like doxycycline may be prescribed.
- Anti-inflammatories: These may be used to reduce inflammation in the airways.
How to Prevent Kennel Cough
Preventing kennel cough involves a combination of vaccination, hygiene practices, and managing your dog’s environment.
Taking proactive steps can significantly reduce your dog’s risk of contracting this contagious respiratory infection. Below are some key measures to consider.
Vaccination
The Bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine is the most common vaccine for preventing kennel cough. It can be administered as an injectable, intranasal, or oral vaccine. Discuss with your veterinarian which form is best for your dog.
Dr. Smith feels the Bordetella vaccine doesn’t work very well and doesn’t recommend it as a standard practice. However, most boarding facilities require the vaccine, so we keep it in stock to meet our clients’ needs.
Hygiene and Sanitation
Regularly clean and disinfect your dog’s living area, including bedding, toys, and feeding bowls, to reduce the risk of infection. Maintaining a clean environment helps minimize the presence of infectious agents that can cause kennel cough.
Avoid Crowded Places
Limit your dog’s exposure to crowded places such as dog parks, boarding kennels, and grooming salons, especially during known kennel cough outbreaks. These environments can be hotspots for the spread of the infection.
Manage Social Interactions
Managing your dog’s social interactions is essential for preventing the spread of contagious diseases like kennel cough. Screening dogs your pet interacts with ensures they are healthy and vaccinated, especially in settings like doggy daycare or training classes where multiple dogs gather. This precaution reduces the risk of exposure to infectious agents and helps maintain a safe environment for all dogs involved.
When introducing a new pet into your home, it’s crucial to quarantine it from your existing pets until you can confirm it is free from respiratory infections. This isolation period allows you to monitor the new pet for any signs of illness and prevent the potential spread of diseases, including kennel cough, to your other pets. Taking proactive measures can minimize the risk of disease transmission and promote the health and well-being of all pets in your care.
Boost Your Dog’s Immune System
A healthy immune system prevents kennel cough, effectively enabling your dog to fight off infectious agents like bacteria and viruses. Maintaining a strong immune system through proper nutrition, regular exercise, and minimizing stress can help your dog resist infections and recover quickly if exposed to kennel cough. Our favorite dog immune booster is PET | TAO Complement Immune, an all-natural supplement containing medicinal mushrooms an antioxidants.
Healthy Diet
Feeding your dog a well-balanced, nutritious diet supports their immune system. For those looking to be proactive, consider a Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM) energetically appropriate diet. Eastern food therapy boosts your dog’s immune system and helps manage chronic conditions. More information and recipes can be found on our food therapy page.
A high-quality mushroom supplement, such as Complement Immune, can further enhance your dog’s immune defenses.
Regular Exercise
Regular exercise plays a crucial role in boosting your dog’s immune function. Physical activity helps stimulate the production of immune cells, such as white blood cells, which are essential for fighting off infections. Exercise also improves circulation, ensuring that these immune cells are efficiently transported throughout the body to where they are needed most.
Moreover, regular exercise reduces stress levels in dogs by promoting the release of endorphins, which are natural mood lifters. Lower stress levels are directly linked to a stronger immune system, as chronic stress can suppress immune responses. Keeping your dog physically active enhances its overall health and fitness and fortifies its immune system, making it more resilient to illnesses like kennel cough.
Reduce Stress
Minimizing stress in dogs is crucial for maintaining a robust immune system and overall health. Chronic stress triggers the release of stress hormones like cortisol, which can suppress the immune response over time. This suppression weakens the body’s ability to fight off infections, making dogs more susceptible to illnesses like kennel cough.
Creating a calm and predictable environment is important to reduce stress in your dog. Provide plenty of mental and physical stimulation through regular exercise and interactive play. Establishing a consistent daily routine with regular feeding times, walks, and play sessions can help alleviate anxiety and promote security.
Additionally, ensure your dog has a safe and comfortable space to retreat when feeling stressed. This could be a quiet corner with their bed or crate, away from loud noises or unfamiliar situations. Positive reinforcement training techniques and using calming aids such as pheromone diffusers or calming supplements can also be beneficial in reducing anxiety levels.
By actively managing your dog’s stress levels, you improve their overall well-being and strengthen their immune system, helping them stay healthy and resilient against infections like kennel cough.
Ventilation
Ensuring good ventilation in areas where your dog spends time is essential for their health and well-being. Adequate airflow helps dilute and disperse airborne pathogens, including those that can cause kennel cough. In indoor facilities such as kennels and grooming salons, where dogs are close to each other, proper ventilation is particularly critical to minimizing the risk of infections spreading.
Good ventilation reduces the concentration of infectious particles and helps maintain optimal air quality. Poor air quality can contribute to respiratory issues and exacerbate existing conditions. By improving airflow through ventilation systems, open windows, or fans, you can create a healthier environment for your dog.
Avoid Shared Items
Avoiding shared items like water bowls, toys, and bedding is crucial to reducing your dog’s risk of infections like kennel cough. Sharing items, especially in public places where multiple dogs frequent, can facilitate the transmission of pathogens between animals. Bacteria and viruses that cause kennel cough can easily spread through saliva, nasal secretions, and even on surfaces.
To minimize the risk, provide your dog with a designated water bowl, toys, and bedding that is not shared with other dogs. Doing so helps prevent direct contact with potentially contaminated items. The risk of transmission is higher in public places like dog parks, grooming facilities, or boarding kennels, where dogs from different households interact. Ensuring your dog has its own items reduces exposure to infectious agents.
Regularly clean and disinfect your dog’s belongings, particularly if they have been in contact with other dogs or if an outbreak of kennel cough has been reported in your area. Use pet-safe cleaning products and wash bedding and toys frequently to maintain hygiene. Additionally, avoid allowing your dog to drink from communal water sources, opting to bring your own water supply when out and about.
Regular Veterinary Check-Ups
Regular veterinary check-ups can help monitor your dog’s health and ensure it is up-to-date on vaccinations and other preventive care. Early detection of any health issues can significantly improve treatment outcomes.
Prompt Treatment
If your dog shows signs of respiratory illness, seek veterinary care promptly. Early intervention can prevent the spread of infection to other dogs and reduce the severity of the illness.
Following the above preventive measures can significantly reduce the risk of your dog contracting kennel cough and help ensure their overall health and well-being.
If you have any questions or need help with your dog, please get in touch with us today! We’re here to help!
